feat(provider): 添加独立的 Provider 模块管理模型提供商

实现可扩展的 Provider 系统，支持动态注册自定义提供商：

Core 模块 (packages/core/src/provider/):
- types.ts: Provider 相关类型定义
- builtin/: 内置提供商 (Anthropic, OpenAI, DeepSeek)
- registry.ts: ProviderRegistry 单例类
- config.ts: 配置持久化 (~/.ai-terminal-assistant/providers.json)
- utils.ts: 连接测试等工具函数

Server API (packages/server/src/routes/providers.ts):
- GET/POST/PUT/DELETE /providers 提供商管理
- POST /providers/:id/test 连接测试
- 自定义模型管理接口

Frontend (packages/ui/):
- ProvidersPanel 组件用于管理提供商
- API client 函数和类型定义

主要功能：
- 支持动态注册 OpenAI 兼容服务 (Ollama, vLLM 等)
- 每个提供商独立的 API Key 配置
- 预设模型列表 + 自定义模型输入
- 连接测试验证

packages/core/src/agent/executor.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import type {
   ImageData,
 } from './types.js';
 import { checkBashPermission } from './permission-merger.js';
-import { getModelFactory } from '../core/providers.js';
+import { getProviderRegistry } from '../provider/index.js';
 
 /**
  * Agent 执行器
@@ -37,9 +37,10 @@ export class AgentExecutor {
     this.baseConfig = baseConfig;
     this.toolRegistry = toolRegistry;
 
-    // 获取模型工厂
+    // 使用 ProviderRegistry 获取模型工厂
     const provider = agentInfo.model?.provider ?? baseConfig.provider;
-    this.getModel = getModelFactory(provider, {
+    const registry = getProviderRegistry();
+    this.getModel = registry.getModelFactory(provider, {
       apiKey: baseConfig.apiKey,
       baseUrl: baseConfig.baseUrl,
     });

packages/core/src/core/agent.ts

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
 import type { AgentInfo, ImageData } from '../agent/types.js';
 import { agentRegistry, AgentExecutor } from '../agent/index.js';
 import { loadVisionConfig } from '../utils/config.js';
-import { getModelFactory } from './providers.js';
+import { getProviderRegistry } from '../provider/index.js';
 import { getHookManager } from '../hooks/index.js';
 import { getGitManager } from '../git/index.js';
 
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ export class Agent {
     this.config = config;
     this.originalSystemPrompt = config.systemPrompt;
 
-    this.getModel = getModelFactory(config.provider, {
+    // 使用 ProviderRegistry 获取模型工厂
+    const registry = getProviderRegistry();
+    this.getModel = registry.getModelFactory(config.provider, {
       apiKey: config.apiKey,
       baseUrl: config.baseUrl,
     });

packages/core/src/core/providers.ts

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-import { createAnthropic } from '@ai-sdk/anthropic';
-import { createDeepSeek } from '@ai-sdk/deepseek';
-import { createOpenAI } from '@ai-sdk/openai';
-import { createQwen } from 'qwen-ai-provider-v5';
-import type { LanguageModel } from 'ai';
-import type { ProviderType } from '../types/index.js';
-
-/**
- * Provider 配置选项
- */
-export interface ProviderOptions {
-  apiKey: string;
-  baseUrl?: string;
-}
-
-/**
- * Provider 工厂函数类型
- */
-export type ProviderFactory = (options: ProviderOptions) => (model: string) => LanguageModel;
-
-/**
- * 检查 baseUrl 是否为阿里云百炼/DashScope
- */
-function isDashScopeUrl(baseUrl?: string): boolean {
-  if (!baseUrl) return false;
-  return baseUrl.includes('dashscope');
-}
-
-/**
- * Provider 注册表
- * 支持 Anthropic、DeepSeek、OpenAI 及 OpenAI 兼容 API（如阿里云百炼）
- */
-export const providers: Record<ProviderType, ProviderFactory> = {
-  anthropic: ({ apiKey, baseUrl }) => {
-    const client = createAnthropic({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
-    return (model) => client(model);
-  },
-  deepseek: ({ apiKey, baseUrl }) => {
-    const client = createDeepSeek({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
-    return (model) => client(model);
-  },
-  openai: ({ apiKey, baseUrl }) => {
-    // 如果是百炼的 URL，使用 qwen provider
-    if (isDashScopeUrl(baseUrl)) {
-      const client = createQwen({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
-      return (model) => client(model);
-    }
-    const client = createOpenAI({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
-    return (model) => client(model);
-  },
-};
-
-/**
- * 获取模型工厂函数
- */
-export function getModelFactory(
-  provider: ProviderType,
-  options: ProviderOptions
-): (model: string) => LanguageModel {
-  const factory = providers[provider];
-  if (!factory) {
-    throw new Error(`不支持的 provider: ${provider}`);
-  }
-  return factory(options);
-}

packages/core/src/index.ts

@@ -158,3 +158,37 @@ export {
   loadMCPConfig,
   createMCPToolAdapter,
 } from './mcp/index.js';
+
+// Provider
+export {
+  ProviderRegistry,
+  providerRegistry,
+  getProviderRegistry,
+  builtinProviders,
+  getBuiltinProviders,
+  getBuiltinProvider,
+  isBuiltinProvider,
+  loadProvidersConfig,
+  saveProvidersConfig,
+  resolveApiKey,
+  testOpenAICompatibleConnection,
+  createOpenAICompatibleFactory,
+  isValidProviderId,
+  isValidUrl,
+} from './provider/index.js';
+
+export type {
+  BuiltinProviderType,
+  ProviderType,
+  ModelCapabilities,
+  ModelInfo,
+  ProviderInfo,
+  ProviderConfig,
+  CustomProviderDefinition,
+  ConnectionTestResult,
+  ProviderFactory,
+  RegisteredProvider,
+  ProvidersConfigFile,
+  ProviderListItem,
+  ProviderDetail,
+} from './provider/index.js';

packages/core/src/provider/builtin/anthropic.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/**
+ * Anthropic Provider Definition
+ */
+
+import { createAnthropic } from '@ai-sdk/anthropic';
+import type { ProviderInfo, ProviderFactory } from '../types.js';
+
+export const anthropicProvider: ProviderInfo = {
+  id: 'anthropic',
+  name: 'Anthropic',
+  description: 'Claude AI models by Anthropic',
+  builtin: true,
+  apiKeyEnvVar: 'ANTHROPIC_API_KEY',
+  models: [
+    {
+      id: 'claude-sonnet-4-20250514',
+      name: 'Claude Sonnet 4',
+      capabilities: { vision: true, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 200000,
+      maxOutput: 8192,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022',
+      name: 'Claude 3.5 Sonnet',
+      capabilities: { vision: true, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 200000,
+      maxOutput: 8192,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'claude-3-opus-20240229',
+      name: 'Claude 3 Opus',
+      capabilities: { vision: true, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 200000,
+      maxOutput: 4096,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'claude-3-haiku-20240307',
+      name: 'Claude 3 Haiku',
+      capabilities: { vision: true, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 200000,
+      maxOutput: 4096,
+    },
+  ],
+  allowCustomModels: true,
+};
+
+export const anthropicFactory: ProviderFactory = ({ apiKey, baseUrl }) => {
+  const client = createAnthropic({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
+  return (model) => client(model);
+};

packages/core/src/provider/builtin/deepseek.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/**
+ * DeepSeek Provider Definition
+ */
+
+import { createDeepSeek } from '@ai-sdk/deepseek';
+import type { ProviderInfo, ProviderFactory } from '../types.js';
+
+export const deepseekProvider: ProviderInfo = {
+  id: 'deepseek',
+  name: 'DeepSeek',
+  description: 'DeepSeek AI models',
+  builtin: true,
+  apiKeyEnvVar: 'DEEPSEEK_API_KEY',
+  models: [
+    {
+      id: 'deepseek-chat',
+      name: 'DeepSeek Chat',
+      capabilities: { vision: false, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 64000,
+      maxOutput: 8192,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'deepseek-coder',
+      name: 'DeepSeek Coder',
+      capabilities: { vision: false, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 64000,
+      maxOutput: 8192,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'deepseek-reasoner',
+      name: 'DeepSeek Reasoner',
+      capabilities: { vision: false, functionCalling: false, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 64000,
+      maxOutput: 8192,
+    },
+  ],
+  allowCustomModels: true,
+};
+
+export const deepseekFactory: ProviderFactory = ({ apiKey, baseUrl }) => {
+  const client = createDeepSeek({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
+  return (model) => client(model);
+};

packages/core/src/provider/builtin/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/**
+ * Builtin Providers
+ *
+ * 内置提供商定义
+ */
+
+import { anthropicProvider, anthropicFactory } from './anthropic.js';
+import { openaiProvider, openaiFactory } from './openai.js';
+import { deepseekProvider, deepseekFactory } from './deepseek.js';
+import type { ProviderInfo, ProviderFactory } from '../types.js';
+
+export interface BuiltinProvider {
+  info: ProviderInfo;
+  factory: ProviderFactory;
+}
+
+/** 所有内置提供商 */
+export const builtinProviders: Record<string, BuiltinProvider> = {
+  anthropic: {
+    info: anthropicProvider,
+    factory: anthropicFactory,
+  },
+  openai: {
+    info: openaiProvider,
+    factory: openaiFactory,
+  },
+  deepseek: {
+    info: deepseekProvider,
+    factory: deepseekFactory,
+  },
+};
+
+/** 获取所有内置提供商列表 */
+export function getBuiltinProviders(): BuiltinProvider[] {
+  return Object.values(builtinProviders);
+}
+
+/** 获取内置提供商 */
+export function getBuiltinProvider(id: string): BuiltinProvider | undefined {
+  return builtinProviders[id];
+}
+
+/** 检查是否为内置提供商 */
+export function isBuiltinProvider(id: string): boolean {
+  return id in builtinProviders;
+}
+
+export { anthropicProvider, anthropicFactory } from './anthropic.js';
+export { openaiProvider, openaiFactory } from './openai.js';
+export { deepseekProvider, deepseekFactory } from './deepseek.js';

packages/core/src/provider/builtin/openai.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/**
+ * OpenAI Provider Definition
+ */
+
+import { createOpenAI } from '@ai-sdk/openai';
+import { createQwen } from 'qwen-ai-provider-v5';
+import type { ProviderInfo, ProviderFactory } from '../types.js';
+
+export const openaiProvider: ProviderInfo = {
+  id: 'openai',
+  name: 'OpenAI',
+  description: 'GPT models by OpenAI (also supports OpenAI-compatible APIs)',
+  builtin: true,
+  apiKeyEnvVar: 'OPENAI_API_KEY',
+  models: [
+    {
+      id: 'gpt-4o',
+      name: 'GPT-4o',
+      capabilities: { vision: true, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 128000,
+      maxOutput: 16384,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'gpt-4o-mini',
+      name: 'GPT-4o Mini',
+      capabilities: { vision: true, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 128000,
+      maxOutput: 16384,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'gpt-4-turbo',
+      name: 'GPT-4 Turbo',
+      capabilities: { vision: true, functionCalling: true, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 128000,
+      maxOutput: 4096,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'o1',
+      name: 'o1',
+      capabilities: { vision: false, functionCalling: false, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 200000,
+      maxOutput: 100000,
+    },
+    {
+      id: 'o1-mini',
+      name: 'o1 Mini',
+      capabilities: { vision: false, functionCalling: false, streaming: true },
+      contextWindow: 128000,
+      maxOutput: 65536,
+    },
+  ],
+  allowCustomModels: true,
+};
+
+/**
+ * 检查 baseUrl 是否为阿里云百炼/DashScope
+ */
+function isDashScopeUrl(baseUrl?: string): boolean {
+  if (!baseUrl) return false;
+  return baseUrl.includes('dashscope');
+}
+
+export const openaiFactory: ProviderFactory = ({ apiKey, baseUrl }) => {
+  // 如果是百炼的 URL，使用 qwen provider
+  if (isDashScopeUrl(baseUrl)) {
+    const client = createQwen({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
+    return (model) => client(model);
+  }
+  const client = createOpenAI({ apiKey, baseURL: baseUrl });
+  return (model) => client(model);
+};

packages/core/src/provider/config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/**
+ * Provider Configuration Persistence
+ *
+ * 提供商配置持久化
+ */
+
+import { existsSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { readFile, writeFile, mkdir } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { homedir } from 'node:os';
+import type { ProvidersConfigFile, CustomProviderDefinition, ProviderConfig } from './types.js';
+
+/** 配置目录名 */
+const CONFIG_DIR = '.ai-terminal-assistant';
+
+/** 配置文件名 */
+const CONFIG_FILE = 'providers.json';
+
+/**
+ * 获取配置目录路径
+ */
+export function getConfigDir(workdir?: string): string {
+  return workdir ? join(workdir, CONFIG_DIR) : join(homedir(), CONFIG_DIR);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取配置文件路径
+ */
+export function getConfigPath(workdir?: string): string {
+  return join(getConfigDir(workdir), CONFIG_FILE);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 加载提供商配置
+ */
+export async function loadProvidersConfig(workdir?: string): Promise<ProvidersConfigFile> {
+  const configPath = getConfigPath(workdir);
+
+  if (!existsSync(configPath)) {
+    return { providers: {}, configs: {} };
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const content = await readFile(configPath, 'utf-8');
+    const config = JSON.parse(content) as ProvidersConfigFile;
+    return {
+      providers: config.providers ?? {},
+      configs: config.configs ?? {},
+    };
+  } catch {
+    // 解析失败返回空配置
+    return { providers: {}, configs: {} };
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 保存提供商配置
+ */
+export async function saveProvidersConfig(
+  config: ProvidersConfigFile,
+  workdir?: string
+): Promise<void> {
+  const configDir = getConfigDir(workdir);
+  const configPath = getConfigPath(workdir);
+
+  // 确保目录存在
+  if (!existsSync(configDir)) {
+    await mkdir(configDir, { recursive: true });
+  }
+
+  await writeFile(configPath, JSON.stringify(config, null, 2), 'utf-8');
+}
+
+/**
+ * 获取提供商的 API Key
+ * 优先从环境变量获取，其次从配置获取
+ */
+export function resolveApiKey(config?: ProviderConfig, envVar?: string): string | undefined {
+  // 优先使用配置中指定的环境变量
+  if (config?.apiKeyEnvVar) {
+    const key = process.env[config.apiKeyEnvVar];
+    if (key) return key;
+  }
+
+  // 其次使用默认环境变量
+  if (envVar) {
+    const key = process.env[envVar];
+    if (key) return key;
+  }
+
+  // 最后使用直接配置的 apiKey
+  return config?.apiKey;
+}
+
+/**
+ * 合并自定义提供商定义和配置
+ */
+export function mergeProviderConfig(
+  definition: CustomProviderDefinition,
+  config?: ProviderConfig
+): CustomProviderDefinition & { enabled: boolean } {
+  return {
+    ...definition,
+    // 配置可以覆盖 baseUrl
+    baseUrl: config?.baseUrl ?? definition.baseUrl,
+    // 合并模型列表
+    models: [...(definition.models ?? []), ...(config?.customModels ?? [])],
+    enabled: config?.enabled ?? true,
+  };
+}

packages/core/src/provider/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/**
+ * Provider Module
+ *
+ * 模型提供商管理模块
+ */
+
+// Types
+export type {
+  BuiltinProviderType,
+  ProviderType,
+  ModelCapabilities,
+  ModelInfo,
+  ProviderInfo,
+  ProviderConfig,
+  CustomProviderDefinition,
+  ConnectionTestResult,
+  ProviderFactory,
+  RegisteredProvider,
+  ProvidersConfigFile,
+  ProviderListItem,
+  ProviderDetail,
+} from './types.js';
+
+// Registry
+export {
+  ProviderRegistry,
+  providerRegistry,
+  getProviderRegistry,
+} from './registry.js';
+
+// Builtin providers
+export {
+  builtinProviders,
+  getBuiltinProviders,
+  getBuiltinProvider,
+  isBuiltinProvider,
+} from './builtin/index.js';
+
+// Config utilities
+export {
+  loadProvidersConfig,
+  saveProvidersConfig,
+  resolveApiKey,
+  getConfigDir,
+  getConfigPath,
+} from './config.js';
+
+// Utils
+export {
+  testOpenAICompatibleConnection,
+  createOpenAICompatibleFactory,
+  isValidProviderId,
+  isValidUrl,
+} from './utils.js';

packages/core/src/provider/registry.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,442 @@
+/**
+ * Provider Registry
+ *
+ * 管理所有注册的提供商（内置 + 自定义）
+ */
+
+import type { LanguageModel } from 'ai';
+import type {
+  ProviderInfo,
+  ProviderConfig,
+  CustomProviderDefinition,
+  RegisteredProvider,
+  ConnectionTestResult,
+  ProviderFactory,
+  ModelInfo,
+  ProviderListItem,
+  ProviderDetail,
+} from './types.js';
+import { builtinProviders, isBuiltinProvider } from './builtin/index.js';
+import {
+  loadProvidersConfig,
+  saveProvidersConfig,
+  resolveApiKey,
+} from './config.js';
+import {
+  testOpenAICompatibleConnection,
+  createOpenAICompatibleFactory,
+  isValidProviderId,
+  isValidUrl,
+} from './utils.js';
+
+/**
+ * Provider Registry
+ * 管理所有提供商的单例类
+ */
+export class ProviderRegistry {
+  /** 已注册的提供商 */
+  private providers: Map<string, RegisteredProvider> = new Map();
+
+  /** 提供商配置 */
+  private configs: Map<string, ProviderConfig> = new Map();
+
+  /** 自定义提供商定义 */
+  private customDefinitions: Map<string, CustomProviderDefinition> = new Map();
+
+  /** 是否已完全初始化（包括用户配置） */
+  private fullyInitialized = false;
+
+  /** 工作目录 */
+  private workdir?: string;
+
+  constructor() {
+    // 同步初始化内置提供商（不需要异步加载）
+    this.initBuiltinProviders();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 同步初始化内置提供商
+   */
+  private initBuiltinProviders(): void {
+    for (const [id, builtin] of Object.entries(builtinProviders)) {
+      this.providers.set(id, {
+        info: builtin.info,
+        factory: builtin.factory,
+      });
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 完整初始化 Registry
+   * 加载用户配置（自定义提供商和配置）
+   */
+  async init(workdir?: string): Promise<void> {
+    if (this.fullyInitialized) return;
+
+    this.workdir = workdir;
+
+    // 加载用户配置
+    const config = await loadProvidersConfig(workdir);
+
+    // 加载自定义提供商
+    if (config.providers) {
+      for (const [id, definition] of Object.entries(config.providers)) {
+        this.registerCustomInternal(definition);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // 加载提供商配置
+    if (config.configs) {
+      for (const [id, providerConfig] of Object.entries(config.configs)) {
+        this.configs.set(id, providerConfig);
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.fullyInitialized = true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 检查是否已完全初始化
+   */
+  isInitialized(): boolean {
+    return this.fullyInitialized;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 确保内置提供商已加载（总是true，因为构造函数中已初始化）
+   * 保留此方法以便未来可能需要的检查
+   */
+  private ensureInitialized(): void {
+    // 内置提供商在构造函数中同步初始化，总是可用
+    // 用户配置需要调用 init() 异步加载
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 列出所有提供商
+   */
+  list(): ProviderInfo[] {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+    return Array.from(this.providers.values()).map((p) => p.info);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 列出所有提供商（API 响应格式）
+   */
+  listForApi(): ProviderListItem[] {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+    return Array.from(this.providers.entries()).map(([id, provider]) => {
+      const config = this.configs.get(id);
+      const apiKey = resolveApiKey(config, provider.info.apiKeyEnvVar);
+      const customModels = config?.customModels ?? [];
+
+      return {
+        id,
+        name: provider.info.name,
+        description: provider.info.description,
+        builtin: provider.info.builtin,
+        enabled: config?.enabled ?? true,
+        hasApiKey: !!apiKey,
+        modelCount: provider.info.models.length + customModels.length,
+      };
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取提供商
+   */
+  get(id: string): RegisteredProvider | undefined {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+    return this.providers.get(id);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取提供商信息
+   */
+  getInfo(id: string): ProviderInfo | undefined {
+    return this.get(id)?.info;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取提供商详情（API 响应格式）
+   */
+  getDetail(id: string): ProviderDetail | undefined {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+    const provider = this.providers.get(id);
+    if (!provider) return undefined;
+
+    const config = this.configs.get(id);
+    const apiKey = resolveApiKey(config, provider.info.apiKeyEnvVar);
+
+    return {
+      id,
+      name: provider.info.name,
+      description: provider.info.description,
+      builtin: provider.info.builtin,
+      baseUrl: config?.baseUrl ?? provider.info.baseUrl,
+      apiKeyEnvVar: provider.info.apiKeyEnvVar,
+      models: provider.info.models,
+      allowCustomModels: provider.info.allowCustomModels ?? false,
+      config: {
+        enabled: config?.enabled ?? true,
+        hasApiKey: !!apiKey,
+        baseUrl: config?.baseUrl,
+        customModels: config?.customModels ?? [],
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 检查提供商是否存在
+   */
+  has(id: string): boolean {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+    return this.providers.has(id);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 内部注册自定义提供商
+   */
+  private registerCustomInternal(definition: CustomProviderDefinition): void {
+    const factory = createOpenAICompatibleFactory(definition.baseUrl);
+
+    const info: ProviderInfo = {
+      id: definition.id,
+      name: definition.name,
+      description: definition.description,
+      builtin: false,
+      baseUrl: definition.baseUrl,
+      apiKeyEnvVar: definition.apiKeyEnvVar,
+      models: definition.models ?? [],
+      allowCustomModels: definition.allowCustomModels ?? true,
+    };
+
+    this.providers.set(definition.id, { info, factory });
+    this.customDefinitions.set(definition.id, definition);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 注册自定义提供商
+   */
+  registerCustom(definition: CustomProviderDefinition): void {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    // 验证 ID
+    if (!isValidProviderId(definition.id)) {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid provider ID: ${definition.id}`);
+    }
+
+    // 不能覆盖内置提供商
+    if (isBuiltinProvider(definition.id)) {
+      throw new Error(`Cannot override builtin provider: ${definition.id}`);
+    }
+
+    // 验证 URL
+    if (!isValidUrl(definition.baseUrl)) {
+      throw new Error(`Invalid base URL: ${definition.baseUrl}`);
+    }
+
+    this.registerCustomInternal(definition);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 移除自定义提供商
+   */
+  removeCustom(id: string): boolean {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    // 不能删除内置提供商
+    if (isBuiltinProvider(id)) {
+      throw new Error(`Cannot remove builtin provider: ${id}`);
+    }
+
+    const removed = this.providers.delete(id);
+    this.customDefinitions.delete(id);
+    this.configs.delete(id);
+
+    return removed;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 设置提供商配置
+   */
+  setConfig(id: string, config: ProviderConfig): void {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    if (!this.providers.has(id)) {
+      throw new Error(`Provider not found: ${id}`);
+    }
+
+    this.configs.set(id, { ...config, id });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取提供商配置
+   */
+  getConfig(id: string): ProviderConfig | undefined {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+    return this.configs.get(id);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取所有配置
+   */
+  getAllConfigs(): Record<string, ProviderConfig> {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+    return Object.fromEntries(this.configs);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取提供商的模型列表
+   */
+  getModels(providerId: string): ModelInfo[] {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    const provider = this.providers.get(providerId);
+    if (!provider) return [];
+
+    const config = this.configs.get(providerId);
+    const customModels = config?.customModels ?? [];
+
+    return [...provider.info.models, ...customModels];
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 添加自定义模型
+   */
+  addCustomModel(providerId: string, model: ModelInfo): void {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    if (!this.providers.has(providerId)) {
+      throw new Error(`Provider not found: ${providerId}`);
+    }
+
+    const config = this.configs.get(providerId) ?? { id: providerId };
+    const customModels = config.customModels ?? [];
+
+    // 检查是否已存在
+    if (customModels.some((m) => m.id === model.id)) {
+      throw new Error(`Model already exists: ${model.id}`);
+    }
+
+    customModels.push(model);
+    this.configs.set(providerId, { ...config, customModels });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 移除自定义模型
+   */
+  removeCustomModel(providerId: string, modelId: string): boolean {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    const config = this.configs.get(providerId);
+    if (!config?.customModels) return false;
+
+    const index = config.customModels.findIndex((m) => m.id === modelId);
+    if (index === -1) return false;
+
+    config.customModels.splice(index, 1);
+    this.configs.set(providerId, config);
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 测试提供商连接
+   */
+  async testConnection(
+    providerId: string,
+    apiKey?: string
+  ): Promise<ConnectionTestResult> {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    const provider = this.providers.get(providerId);
+    if (!provider) {
+      return { success: false, error: `Provider not found: ${providerId}` };
+    }
+
+    const config = this.configs.get(providerId);
+    const resolvedApiKey = apiKey ?? resolveApiKey(config, provider.info.apiKeyEnvVar);
+
+    if (!resolvedApiKey && !provider.info.baseUrl?.includes('localhost')) {
+      return { success: false, error: 'API key not configured' };
+    }
+
+    const baseUrl = config?.baseUrl ?? provider.info.baseUrl;
+
+    // 对于自定义提供商，使用 OpenAI 兼容测试
+    if (!provider.info.builtin && baseUrl) {
+      return testOpenAICompatibleConnection(resolvedApiKey ?? '', baseUrl);
+    }
+
+    // 对于内置提供商，简单验证 API key 存在
+    return {
+      success: !!resolvedApiKey,
+      error: resolvedApiKey ? undefined : 'API key not configured',
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 获取模型工厂函数
+   */
+  getModelFactory(
+    providerId: string,
+    options?: { apiKey?: string; baseUrl?: string }
+  ): (model: string) => LanguageModel {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    const provider = this.providers.get(providerId);
+    if (!provider) {
+      throw new Error(`Provider not found: ${providerId}`);
+    }
+
+    const config = this.configs.get(providerId);
+    const apiKey = options?.apiKey ?? resolveApiKey(config, provider.info.apiKeyEnvVar);
+    const baseUrl = options?.baseUrl ?? config?.baseUrl ?? provider.info.baseUrl;
+
+    if (!apiKey) {
+      throw new Error(`API key not configured for provider: ${providerId}`);
+    }
+
+    return provider.factory({ apiKey, baseUrl });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 保存配置到文件
+   */
+  async saveConfig(workdir?: string): Promise<void> {
+    this.ensureInitialized();
+
+    const config = {
+      providers: Object.fromEntries(this.customDefinitions),
+      configs: Object.fromEntries(this.configs),
+    };
+
+    await saveProvidersConfig(config, workdir ?? this.workdir);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 重新加载配置
+   */
+  async reloadConfig(workdir?: string): Promise<void> {
+    this.fullyInitialized = false;
+    this.configs.clear();
+    this.customDefinitions.clear();
+
+    // 清除自定义提供商，保留内置提供商
+    for (const [id, provider] of this.providers.entries()) {
+      if (!provider.info.builtin) {
+        this.providers.delete(id);
+      }
+    }
+
+    await this.init(workdir ?? this.workdir);
+  }
+}
+
+/** 单例实例 */
+export const providerRegistry = new ProviderRegistry();
+
+/** 获取 ProviderRegistry 实例 */
+export function getProviderRegistry(): ProviderRegistry {
+  return providerRegistry;
+}

packages/core/src/provider/types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/**
+ * Provider Module Types
+ *
+ * 模型提供商类型定义
+ */
+
+import type { LanguageModel } from 'ai';
+
+/** 内置提供商类型 */
+export type BuiltinProviderType = 'anthropic' | 'deepseek' | 'openai';
+
+/** 提供商类型（内置 + 自定义） */
+export type ProviderType = BuiltinProviderType | string;
+
+/** 模型能力 */
+export interface ModelCapabilities {
+  /** 支持视觉/图片 */
+  vision?: boolean;
+  /** 支持函数调用 */
+  functionCalling?: boolean;
+  /** 支持流式输出 */
+  streaming?: boolean;
+}
+
+/** 模型信息 */
+export interface ModelInfo {
+  /** 模型 ID（如 'claude-sonnet-4-20250514'） */
+  id: string;
+  /** 显示名称（如 'Claude Sonnet 4'） */
+  name: string;
+  /** 模型能力 */
+  capabilities?: ModelCapabilities;
+  /** 上下文窗口大小（tokens） */
+  contextWindow?: number;
+  /** 最大输出 tokens */
+  maxOutput?: number;
+}
+
+/** 提供商元信息 */
+export interface ProviderInfo {
+  /** 提供商唯一 ID */
+  id: string;
+  /** 显示名称 */
+  name: string;
+  /** 描述 */
+  description?: string;
+  /** 是否为内置提供商 */
+  builtin: boolean;
+  /** API 基础 URL */
+  baseUrl?: string;
+  /** API Key 环境变量名 */
+  apiKeyEnvVar?: string;
+  /** 可用模型列表 */
+  models: ModelInfo[];
+  /** 是否允许自定义模型 */
+  allowCustomModels?: boolean;
+}
+
+/** 提供商配置（用户设置） */
+export interface ProviderConfig {
+  /** 提供商 ID */
+  id: string;
+  /** API Key（直接存储，不推荐） */
+  apiKey?: string;
+  /** API Key 环境变量名 */
+  apiKeyEnvVar?: string;
+  /** 自定义 Base URL */
+  baseUrl?: string;
+  /** 是否启用 */
+  enabled?: boolean;
+  /** 用户添加的自定义模型 */
+  customModels?: ModelInfo[];
+}
+
+/** 自定义提供商定义（用户注册时使用） */
+export interface CustomProviderDefinition {
+  /** 提供商唯一 ID */
+  id: string;
+  /** 显示名称 */
+  name: string;
+  /** 描述 */
+  description?: string;
+  /** API 基础 URL（必填） */
+  baseUrl: string;
+  /** API Key 环境变量名 */
+  apiKeyEnvVar?: string;
+  /** 可用模型列表 */
+  models?: ModelInfo[];
+  /** 是否允许自定义模型 */
+  allowCustomModels?: boolean;
+}
+
+/** 连接测试结果 */
+export interface ConnectionTestResult {
+  /** 是否成功 */
+  success: boolean;
+  /** 延迟（毫秒） */
+  latency?: number;
+  /** 错误信息 */
+  error?: string;
+}
+
+/** Provider 工厂函数 */
+export type ProviderFactory = (config: {
+  apiKey: string;
+  baseUrl?: string;
+}) => (model: string) => LanguageModel;
+
+/** 已注册的提供商（运行时） */
+export interface RegisteredProvider {
+  /** 提供商信息 */
+  info: ProviderInfo;
+  /** 模型工厂函数 */
+  factory: ProviderFactory;
+  /** 用户配置 */
+  config?: ProviderConfig;
+}
+
+/** 提供商配置文件格式 */
+export interface ProvidersConfigFile {
+  /** 自定义提供商定义 */
+  providers?: Record<string, CustomProviderDefinition>;
+  /** 提供商配置（API Key、选项等） */
+  configs?: Record<string, ProviderConfig>;
+}
+
+/** 提供商列表项（API 响应用） */
+export interface ProviderListItem {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  description?: string;
+  builtin: boolean;
+  enabled: boolean;
+  hasApiKey: boolean;
+  modelCount: number;
+}
+
+/** 提供商详情（API 响应用） */
+export interface ProviderDetail {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  description?: string;
+  builtin: boolean;
+  baseUrl?: string;
+  apiKeyEnvVar?: string;
+  models: ModelInfo[];
+  allowCustomModels: boolean;
+  config?: {
+    enabled: boolean;
+    hasApiKey: boolean;
+    baseUrl?: string;
+    customModels: ModelInfo[];
+  };
+}

packages/core/src/provider/utils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/**
+ * Provider Utilities
+ *
+ * 提供商工具函数
+ */
+
+import { createOpenAI } from '@ai-sdk/openai';
+import type { ConnectionTestResult, ProviderFactory } from './types.js';
+
+/**
+ * 测试提供商连接
+ * 通过简单的模型列表请求测试连接是否正常
+ */
+export async function testProviderConnection(
+  factory: ProviderFactory,
+  apiKey: string,
+  baseUrl?: string,
+  testModel?: string
+): Promise<ConnectionTestResult> {
+  const startTime = Date.now();
+
+  try {
+    // 创建模型实例
+    const getModel = factory({ apiKey, baseUrl });
+    const model = getModel(testModel ?? 'test');
+
+    // 尝试获取模型信息（这会触发连接验证）
+    // 由于不同提供商的验证方式不同，这里使用一个简单的方法
+    // 实际上只是验证工厂函数能否正常创建模型
+    if (!model) {
+      return {
+        success: false,
+        error: 'Failed to create model instance',
+      };
+    }
+
+    const latency = Date.now() - startTime;
+
+    return {
+      success: true,
+      latency,
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    return {
+      success: false,
+      error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Unknown error',
+      latency: Date.now() - startTime,
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 测试 OpenAI 兼容 API 连接
+ * 通过 /v1/models 端点测试
+ */
+export async function testOpenAICompatibleConnection(
+  apiKey: string,
+  baseUrl: string
+): Promise<ConnectionTestResult> {
+  const startTime = Date.now();
+
+  try {
+    // 构建 models 端点 URL
+    const modelsUrl = baseUrl.endsWith('/')
+      ? `${baseUrl}models`
+      : `${baseUrl}/models`;
+
+    const response = await fetch(modelsUrl, {
+      method: 'GET',
+      headers: {
+        Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
+        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+      },
+    });
+
+    const latency = Date.now() - startTime;
+
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      return {
+        success: false,
+        error: `HTTP ${response.status}: ${response.statusText}`,
+        latency,
+      };
+    }
+
+    return {
+      success: true,
+      latency,
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    return {
+      success: false,
+      error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Network error',
+      latency: Date.now() - startTime,
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 创建 OpenAI 兼容的提供商工厂
+ * 用于自定义 OpenAI 兼容服务（如 Ollama、vLLM 等）
+ */
+export function createOpenAICompatibleFactory(baseUrl: string): ProviderFactory {
+  return ({ apiKey }) => {
+    const client = createOpenAI({
+      apiKey: apiKey || 'dummy-key', // 某些本地服务不需要 key
+      baseURL: baseUrl,
+    });
+    return (model) => client(model);
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * 验证提供商 ID 格式
+ */
+export function isValidProviderId(id: string): boolean {
+  // 只允许字母、数字、连字符和下划线
+  return /^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*$/.test(id);
+}
+
+/**
+ * 验证 URL 格式
+ */
+export function isValidUrl(url: string): boolean {
+  try {
+    new URL(url);
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}

packages/core/src/types/index.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
 import { z } from 'zod';
+import type { ProviderType } from '../provider/types.js';
+
+// Re-export ProviderType from provider module
+export type { ProviderType } from '../provider/types.js';
 
 // 内容块类型（支持多模态）
 export interface TextContentBlock {
@@ -65,9 +69,6 @@ export interface ToolCall {
   input: Record<string, unknown>;
 }
 
-// 支持的 Provider 类型
-export type ProviderType = 'anthropic' | 'deepseek' | 'openai';
-
 // Agent 配置
 export interface AgentConfig {
   provider: ProviderType;